Anal fistulas and perianal abscesses are painful and can be challenging to treat. It is also known as a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is a recurrent infection that causes discomfort and disability to the sufferer. And it can be highly uncomfortable and disrupt daily activities.
You might be worry about the abscess removal cost in Singapore but waiting too long can lead to more severe problems, like the spread of bacterial infection or the pus’s build-up causes the skin to swell. And unlike other diseases or illnesses, antibiotics are not very effective in treating perianal abscesses.
If you have an abscess that needs treatment, it’s essential to see a specialist for perianal abscess removal in Singapore right away.
What Are Anal Fistulas And Perianal Abscesses
The inside of our anuses contains numerous glands that produce fluid. Sometimes, these glands get blocked or clogged, causing a build-up of bacteria. Over time, this can swell up and result in the tissue around the area becoming infected and filled with liquid. This is also known as an anal abscess.
They are typically caused by bacterial infections from perianal abscesses or other factors introducing bacteria into the anal glands or surrounding tissues. If left untreated, perianal abscesses can lead to complications, such as the formation of anal fistulas.
Generally, doctors recommend Singaporeans undergo an anal abscess removal in Singapore to prevent further complications and infections.
If left untreated, the perianal abscess can grow and eventually move towards the area near your anus, causing a collection of pus in the nearby tissue area and the formation of an anal fistula.
An anal fistula is a small tunnel that develops between the end of the rectum/anus and the skin near the anus. Most of the time, an abscess will lead to a fistula forming.
Anal fistulas can cause unpleasant symptoms, such as discomfort and skin irritation, and will not usually get better on their own. Surgery is recommended in almost all cases. Other less common causes of fistulas include Crohn’s disease, diverticular disease, TB and HIV.
Prevention is better than cure, hence it is important to seek timely perianal abscess removal in Singapore to reduce both infection and the risk of anal fistulas developing.
Symptoms And Signs Of An Anal Fistula Or Perianal Abscess
An anal abscess is common within active adults from 30 to 50 years old. It usually causes the skin condition to worsen, causing discomfort around the anus. Some of the common symptoms are:
- Skin irritation around the anus
- A constant, throbbing pain that may be worse when you move around
- Smelly discharge from near your anus
- Passing pus or blood when you pass motion.
- A “pimple” near the anus that does not go away.
- Swelling and redness around your anus and a high temperature (fever) if you also have an abscess
If you are worried or unsure of your current condition, do not hesitate to contact us to make an appointment and find out more about abscess removal costs in Singapore.
Dr QM Leong is one of the experienced colorectal surgeons and has handled many cases of colorectal surgery, anal abscess and will be able to provide accurate diagnosis and proper treatment for abscess removal in Singapore.
Common Investigations For Anal Fistulas And Perianal Abscess
After a thorough history and physical examination which includes a rectal examination and proctoscopy, further tests such as a colonoscopy and MRI scan may be required.
The reason for the colonoscopy is to exclude TB, diverticular disease and Crohn’s disease. An MRI scan may be essential to evaluate the anatomy of the fistula tract.
If the tract extends higher into the rectum and it involves the anal sphincter muscles, surgery can become more complicated.
Healthcare professionals may employ various diagnostic tools to determine the best course of treatment. These may include a physical examination of the perianal area, a digital rectal exam to assess the anal canal and imaging studies such as a CT scan to visualise the fistula tract and identify any associated abscesses.
How Are Anal Fistulas And Perianal Abscess Treated
Treatment of fistulas and abscesses is surgery as these conditions do not resolve with medication (antibiotics) or on their own. There are several options and the correct surgery depends mainly on the type of fistula (simple vs complicated and high vs low fistulas).
Simple fistulas have a single opening internally and externally. Complicated fistulas may have multiple tracks with multiple openings (some involving muscle). Low fistulas have internal openings near the anus while high fistulas have internal openings deeper in the rectum, hence may involve sphincter muscle.
The aim of surgery is to heal the fistula while avoiding damage to the sphincter muscles, which could potentially result in loss of bowel control (bowel incontinence). Almost all surgery is done under general anaesthesia.
Here are the main options:
Fistulotomy
The most common type of surgery for anal fistulas is a fistulotomy. This involves cutting along the whole length of the fistula to open it up so it heals as a flat scar.
A fistulotomy is the most effective treatment for many anal fistulas, it is usually only suitable for low simple fistulas that do not pass through much of the sphincter muscles, as the risk of incontinence is lowest.
In cases where the risk of incontinence is considered too high, another procedure may be recommended instead.
Seton Techniques (Loose VS Cutting)
If your fistula passes through a significant portion of the anal sphincter muscle (high and complicated fistulas), the surgeon may initially recommend inserting a seton.
A seton is a piece of surgical thread that’s left in the fistula for several weeks to keep it open. This allows it to drain and helps it heal, while avoiding the need to cut the sphincter muscles.
Loose setons allow fistulas to drain, but do not cure them. To cure a fistula, tighter setons may be used to cut through the fistula slowly.
Hence the initial surgery may be to insert a loose seton to drain the infection, followed by a second surgery on a later date to convert the loose seton to a cutting seton.
Advancement Flap Procedure
An advancement flap procedure may be considered if your fistula passes through the anal sphincter muscles (high fistulas). This involves scraping out the fistula and covering the internal opening where it enters the bowel with a flap of tissue from the rectum.
This has a lower success rate than a fistulotomy, but avoids the need to cut the anal sphincter muscles.
LIFT Procedure
The ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) procedure is a treatment for fistulas that pass through the anal sphincter muscles, where a fistulotomy would be too risky.(High fistulas) During the treatment, a cut is made in the skin near the anus between the sphincter muscles and the sphincter muscles are moved apart.
The fistula tract is identified and scraped out. The tract is then divided between two sutures and the initial cut is closed. This is a relatively new technique and has promising results.
Risks Of Anal Fistula Surgery
Like any type of treatment, treatment for anal fistulas carries a number of risks.
The main risks are:
- Infection – this may require a course of antibiotics
- Recurrence – the fistula can sometimes recur despite surgery
- Bowel Incontinence – this is a potential risk with most types of anal fistula treatment, although severe incontinence is rare and every effort will be made to prevent it.
- Immunosuppression – The risk of perianal abscesses is heightened in individuals with specific medical conditions or those taking immunosuppressive medications, such as those prescribed for HIV/AIDS or following organ transplantation, which can suppress the immune system.
Conclusion On Anal Fistulas And Perianal Abscess Removal In Singapore
We have explored the topic of perianal abscesses, shedding light on their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. We have discussed the impact of perianal abscesses on daily life, the importance of timely medical intervention, and the significance of understanding long-term care for managing complications like anal fistulas.
If you suspect you have a perianal abscess or are experiencing related symptoms, don’t hesitate to seek medical help. Book a consultation with our colorectal surgeon,Dr Leong, who can provide personalised advice and tailored treatment options.
Remember, seeking professional medical assistance is crucial for accurate diagnosis, proper management, and preventing complications associated with perianal abscesses. Take control of your health and embark on the path to effective treatment and improved well-being.
Frequently Asked Questions About Perianal Abscess Removal In Singapore
Are Perianal Abscesses Contagious?
Perianal abscesses themselves are not contagious. They are caused by bacterial infections, usually from the individual's body or external factors. However, it is important to note that certain bacteria contributing to perianal abscesses, such as Staphylococcus aureus, may be contagious. Practising good hygiene and avoiding direct contact with the abscess or drainage is advisable to minimise the risk of spreading bacteria.
Can Perianal Abscesses Recur After Treatment?
Yes, perianal abscesses can recur after treatment. Recurrence can happen if the underlying cause, such as an anal fistula or persistent infection, is not completely addressed during the initial treatment. It is important to follow up with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation, management, and potential preventive measures to reduce the risk of recurrence.
What Are The Potential Complications Of Untreated Perianal Abscesses?
Untreated perianal abscesses can lead to several complications. The infection can spread to surrounding tissues, resulting in cellulitis or even a perirectal abscess. If an anal fistula forms, it can create persistent openings and recurrent infections. In rare cases, systemic infections may pose a serious health risk. Timely medical intervention is crucial to prevent these complications and ensure proper management.
Are There Any Lifestyle Changes That Can Help Prevent Perianal Abscesses?
Although perianal abscesses may occasionally appear without a specific cause, implementing certain lifestyle modifications can help decrease the likelihood of their development.
Adhering to proper hygiene practices, for instance, regularly cleansing the perianal area with mild soap and warm water, can effectively reduce bacterial growth and promote cleanliness.
Avoiding trauma to the anal area, practising safe sexual practices, and managing underlying conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease or diabetes can also contribute to prevention.
Can Perianal Abscesses Be Treated With Home Remedies?
Home remedies are not typically recommended as the primary treatment for perianal abscesses. These abscesses usually require medical intervention, such as incision and drainage, to remove the infected material effectively. However, some home remedies like warm sitz baths can temporarily relieve and promote healing after the initial medical treatment. Consulting with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan is crucial.
Is There A Link Between Perianal Abscesses And Sexually Transmitted Infections?
Perianal abscesses are primarily caused by bacterial infections, commonly from the individual's body or external sources. While there is no direct link between perianal abscesses and sexually transmitted infections, engaging in certain sexual practices that may cause trauma or introduce bacteria to the anal area can increase the risk of developing perianal abscesses. Practising safe sex and maintaining good hygiene are important preventive measures.
Can Perianal Abscesses Be Prevented Through Proper Hygiene Practices?
Proper hygiene practices can help reduce the risk of perianal abscesses. Regularly washing the perianal area with mild soap and warm water, particularly after bowel movements, can help remove bacteria and maintain cleanliness. It is also important to avoid excessive wiping or using harsh toilet paper, as these can cause irritation. Maintaining good hygiene and caring for underlying health conditions can contribute to prevention.
Are There Any Dietary Recommendations For Individuals With Perianal Abscesses?
While no specific dietary recommendations exist for individuals with perianal abscesses, maintaining a healthy and balanced diet generally benefits overall well-being and immune system support. It is recommended to incorporate a nutritionally balanced diet consisting of ample fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
Additionally, maintaining hydration by consuming an adequate amount of water is vital for overall well-being. However, consulting with a healthcare professional for personalised dietary recommendations based on individual needs and underlying medical conditions is always advisable.